高中英语高考复习定语从句知识讲解

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1、高考英语定语从句知识讲解一、概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。二、定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词指人的先行词指物的先行词 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词Ws English2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用替代前面的先行词（替代作用）连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)

2、关系词的分类标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系代词：在从句中做 主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子三、定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with

3、a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)四、定语从句的难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)Ws English(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before.(可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no

4、 longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略） 2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?关

5、系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is

6、the boy that won the gold medal?在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)Ws English(1)用which的情况在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you write is Jacks.先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用whi

21.明初,政府在西北边境一些地方设茶马司,以茶叶换藏马:在东北边境设互市市场,以布匹、粮食换蒙古族毛皮、牛马、木材。明末,女真族兴起,明政府在开原、抚顺设互市市场,交换女真族人参、马匹、东珠、貂皮。这表明明朝()A.民族交融的形式多样B.政府重视同少数民族发展贸易C.远距离长途贸易繁荣D.边境大规模军事行动已经停止

1、高考英语定语从句知识讲解一、概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。二、定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词指人的先行词指物的先行词 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词Ws English2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用替代前面的先行词（替代作用）连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)

2、关系词的分类标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系代词：在从句中做 主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子三、定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with

3、a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)四、定语从句的难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)Ws English(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before.(可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no

4、 longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略） 2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?关

5、系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is

6、the boy that won the gold medal?在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)Ws English(1)用which的情况在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you write is Jacks.先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用whi